Cocaine is a stimulant drug found from the leaves of two Coca classes native to South America, Erythroxylum coca and Erythroxylum novogranatense. After extraction from coca leaves and further processing into cocaine hydrochloride, the drug may be snorted, heated until redirected and then inhaled, or dissolved and injected into a vein. Cocaine rouses the reward path in the brain. Mental belongings may include a strong feeling of happiness, sexual arousal, loss of contact with reality, or agitation. Physical effects include fast heartbeats, perspiration, and opened pupils. Heavy consumption can consequence in high blood pressure or high body temperature. Indications begin within seconds to minutes of use and last between five and ninety minutes. As cocaine also has numbing and blood vessel contraction properties, it is occasionally used during surgery on the throat or inside of the nose to control pain, bleeding, and vocal cord spasms.