Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a recurring, costly, chronic, and incapacitating illness that can appear in a variety of medical settings. However, it is not well understood or adequately treated. Obsessive-compulsive neurosis has long been thought of as a condition that offers a valuable window into the inner workings of the insentient mind. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is recognised as a neuropsychiatric condition that is susceptible to certain pharmacotherapeutic and psychotherapy therapies and is mediated by pathology in particular neural circuits. With the integration of data from neuroanatomical, neurochemical, neuroethological, neurogenetic, and neuroimmunological research, we may anticipate a more clear delineation of the roots of this condition in the future. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterised by intrusive, unwanted thoughts that cause worry or discomfort, ritualistic actions (compulsions), and thrilling evasive behaviour performed to decrease the stress.