Psychophysiology of Addiction

The psychophysiology of addiction examines the physiological changes that occur in the body and brain due to substance use, and how these changes influence behavior and mental health. Addiction impacts neurotransmitter systems, particularly those involving dopamine, serotonin, and GABA, which are responsible for regulating mood, reward, and stress responses. The brain’s reward system, when repeatedly activated by substance use, becomes dysregulated, leading to compulsive drug-seeking behavior. In addition to altering brain chemistry, addiction can lead to physical changes in the body, including disrupted sleep patterns, altered heart rate, and increased stress responses. Understanding the psychophysiological underpinnings of addiction provides critical insights for developing effective, multi-faceted treatments that address both the mind and body’s response to substance use.