Several risk factors contribute to the development of substance dependence, including genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and psychological vulnerabilities. A family history of addiction increases susceptibility, while factors like trauma, peer pressure, and stress amplify the likelihood of substance use. Mental health disorders, such as anxiety and depression, often coexist with addiction, creating a cycle of self-medication and dependency. Early identification and intervention are key to mitigating these risks. Education, supportive environments, and access to mental health resources play vital roles in prevention, highlighting the need for holistic approaches to addressing substance dependence.