Risk perception plays a critical role in substance use behaviors, often influencing decisions about initiation or cessation. Individuals with lower risk perception may underestimate the harm associated with substances, leading to continued use or escalation. Social influences, misinformation, and cognitive distortions contribute to this underestimation. Tailored educational campaigns, harm reduction strategies, and open dialogues are effective in reshaping these perceptions. Enhancing awareness about the consequences of substance use and fostering a realistic understanding of risks empower individuals to make informed decisions and reduce harmful behaviors.